Short Stirling Union Jack Rocks Glass

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The Short Stirling was the RAF’s first four-engined heavy bomber of WWII, designed in response to Air Ministry Specification B.12/36. It first flew on 14 May 1939 and entered operational service in August 1940 with No. 7 Squadron. Though innovative and robust, it was hampered by design compromises — notably a wingspan limit (to fit existing hangars) that restricted high-altitude performance.

Powered by four Bristol Hercules radial engines, the Stirling could carry up to 14,000 lb (6,350 kg) of bombs. A total of 2,383 Stirlings were built. Early in the war, it flew strategic bombing raids over Germany, but by mid-1943, it was relegated from mainline bombing duties due to its vulnerability and operational ceiling (under 17,000 ft). It was gradually replaced by the Halifax and Lancaster.

The Stirling found renewed life as a glider tug, paratroop transport, and special duties aircraft, serving key roles in D-Day, Arnhem, and Operation Market Garden. Though overshadowed by later bombers, its early war role was vital in building RAF Bomber Command’s experience.

Stirling squadrons suffered heavy losses during bombing operations, and the aircraft was retired from frontline service by 1946.