B-17 Flying Fortress Union Jack Rocks Glass

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The Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress entered Royal Air Force (RAF) service early in World War II, before the United States had formally entered the conflict. The first batch of 20 aircraft—designated Fortress Mk I—were B-17C models delivered in mid-1941. Assigned to No. 90 Squadron RAF, they were used for high-altitude, daylight precision bombing over Europe. However, without fighter escort and lacking adequate defensive tactics, losses were high and results disappointing. The RAF soon suspended daylight B-17 operations.

Later, more advanced versions—B-17F (Fortress Mk II) and B-17G (Fortress Mk III)—were delivered. Rather than continuing strategic bombing, the RAF repurposed these aircraft for electronic warfare, long-range maritime patrols, and special operations. Notably, B-17s served with No. 100 Group RAF, specialising in radio countermeasures and bomber support missions to jam German radar and communications during RAF Bomber Command night raids.

Some B-17s were also used by RAF Coastal Command for anti-submarine patrols in the Atlantic. The RAF Flying Fortresses operated in smaller numbers compared to the USAAF, but provided crucial support roles, especially in disrupting German air defences.

RAF B-17s were retired shortly after the war ended, their role eclipsed by newer British and American bombers.